What device is used to convert stored chemical energy into the moving energy of electrons running through a wire?

The correct answer is a battery because it functions by converting stored chemical energy into electrical energy, specifically the movement of electrons. In a battery, chemical reactions occur between the materials inside, which releases energy in the form of electrical potential. This energy causes electrons to flow through a circuit when the battery is connected, enabling the operation of electronic devices.

The other choices, while related to electricity, serve different purposes: a capacitor stores electrical energy temporarily, a generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, and a transformer changes the voltage of alternating current but does not convert energy types. Therefore, the unique role of the battery in initiating electrical flow through electron movement makes it the apt choice for this question.