Which organelles are involved in the process of photosynthesis?

Chloroplasts are the organelles specifically responsible for the process of photosynthesis in plant cells and some protists. They contain chlorophyll, the green pigment that captures light energy from the sun, which is then used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process not only provides energy for the plant but also contributes to the oxygen supply in the atmosphere.

The presence of chlorophyll within chloroplasts allows plants to absorb light efficiently, and the internal structures of chloroplasts, such as thylakoids and stroma, play critical roles in the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, respectively. Thus, chloroplasts are essential for plants' ability to produce their own food and sustain themselves, as well as for supporting life on Earth as a whole.