Which process describes the transformation from gas to liquid?

The transformation from gas to liquid is known as condensation. This process occurs when gas molecules lose energy, typically as they cool down, allowing them to come closer together and transition into a liquid state. This phenomenon can be observed when water vapor in the air cools and forms droplets on a surface, such as when dew forms on grass in the morning.

In contrast, vaporization refers to the process where a liquid turns into a gas, while melting and freezing pertain to the transitions between solid and liquid states. Melting is the transition from solid to liquid, whereas freezing is the change from liquid to solid. Therefore, condensation is the correct term to describe the process of gas changing into a liquid.